Re: Trailing ^M on Windows

On Windows, when you read a file in Vim and every (or almost every)
line ends with ^M, it usually means that the last line lacks an
end-of-line, which made Vim read the whole file as if it were a Unix
file. This is how I would fix such a file:

:new ++ff=dos filename.ext
:wq

(this has the side-effect of opening then closing a new window for
that file) — see ":help ++opt".
Reading the file with 'fileformat' explicitly set to dos forces both
CR+LF or LF alone (or nothing at end of file) to be recognised as
ends-of-lines. Writing the file (which still has 'fileformat' set to
dos) writes a proper CR+LF Dos/Windows end-of-line at the end of every
line including the last one, so the next time you read it it will be
recognised as a Windows file and you won't see those pesky ^M (i.e.
carriage-return) characters (they are still there but they are part of
the normal Dos/Window end-of-line).

Or if you want to transmit the file to be read on a Unix system, you
can replace :wq by :wq ++ff=unix — in that case all lines will get a
proper LF-only Unix end-of-line, which both Vim (on any platform) and
any Unix program will be able to recognise properly. In this case the
^M characters are not even there so no one will see them.

Best regards,
Tony.

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